全文获取类型
收费全文 | 29539篇 |
免费 | 4650篇 |
国内免费 | 4023篇 |
专业分类
化学 | 14720篇 |
晶体学 | 286篇 |
力学 | 2304篇 |
综合类 | 365篇 |
数学 | 11707篇 |
物理学 | 8830篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 89篇 |
2023年 | 362篇 |
2022年 | 539篇 |
2021年 | 780篇 |
2020年 | 1050篇 |
2019年 | 1001篇 |
2018年 | 840篇 |
2017年 | 1003篇 |
2016年 | 1424篇 |
2015年 | 1249篇 |
2014年 | 1754篇 |
2013年 | 2516篇 |
2012年 | 1875篇 |
2011年 | 2138篇 |
2010年 | 1868篇 |
2009年 | 2117篇 |
2008年 | 2176篇 |
2007年 | 2238篇 |
2006年 | 1902篇 |
2005年 | 1607篇 |
2004年 | 1358篇 |
2003年 | 1390篇 |
2002年 | 1053篇 |
2001年 | 860篇 |
2000年 | 826篇 |
1999年 | 666篇 |
1998年 | 580篇 |
1997年 | 498篇 |
1996年 | 349篇 |
1995年 | 326篇 |
1994年 | 267篇 |
1993年 | 200篇 |
1992年 | 183篇 |
1991年 | 141篇 |
1990年 | 128篇 |
1989年 | 118篇 |
1988年 | 98篇 |
1987年 | 82篇 |
1986年 | 74篇 |
1985年 | 84篇 |
1984年 | 68篇 |
1983年 | 32篇 |
1982年 | 69篇 |
1981年 | 54篇 |
1980年 | 41篇 |
1979年 | 31篇 |
1978年 | 29篇 |
1977年 | 17篇 |
1976年 | 20篇 |
1973年 | 10篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 763 毫秒
91.
Oleg Palumbíny 《Czechoslovak Mathematical Journal》2003,53(2):467-477
The paper deals with oscillation criteria of fourth order linear differential equations with quasi-derivatives. 相似文献
92.
Tiegang Fang 《International Journal of Non》2008,43(9):1007-1011
The unsteady boundary layer over a semi-infinite flat plate was investigated in this paper. The flow involves the unsteady flow over a flat plate with leading edge accretion or ablation. The momentum boundary layer was further analyzed and it was shown that the leading edge ablation had a similar effect to the wall mass injection or upstream wall movement making the fluid blown away from the wall. The thermal boundary layer of the same flow was also studied. Results show that the leading edge accretion or ablation can greatly change the fluid motion and the heat transfer characteristics. 相似文献
93.
一类含有P-Laplacian算子的奇异边值问题解的确切个数 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
讨论了一类p-L ap lac ian算子型的奇异边值问题正解的确切个数以及解的性质. 相似文献
94.
Oracle inequality is a relatively new statistical tool for the analysis of nonparametric adaptive estimates. Oracle is a good pseudo-estimate that is based on both data and an underlying estimated curve. An oracle inequality shows how well an adaptive estimator mimics the oracle for a particular underlying curve. The most advanced oracle inequalities have been recently obtained by Cavalier and Tsybakov (2001) for Stein type blockwise estimates used in filtering a signal from a stationary white Gaussian process. The authors also conjecture that a similar result can be obtained for Efromovich–Pinsker (EP) type blockwise estimators where their approach, based on Stein's formula for risk calculation, does not work. This article proves the conjecture and extends it upon more general models which include not stationary and dependent processes. Other possible extensions, a discussion of practical implications and a numerical study are also presented. 相似文献
95.
用于强磁场的快响应真空规的研制进展 总被引:2,自引:2,他引:0
研制了能在强磁场、强干扰环境下工作的快响应真空电离规(快规),用于对HL 2A装置偏滤器室和等离子体附近的中性粒子密度和通量进行原位测量。介绍了快规的结构、工作原理、设计要点以及实验结果。在无磁场的情况下,快规对气体压强的测量范围为6.4×10-6~0.15Pa,在1×10-5~0.15Pa范围内,快规收集极离子流与发射电子流之比与气压保持良好线性关系;在0 15T的磁场下,快规的规管常数未发生显著变化,在规管对称轴与磁力线的夹角小于15o时,规管常数的变化小于10%。 相似文献
96.
97.
Ren‐Shen Lee Jen‐Ming Yang Tz‐Feng Lin 《Journal of polymer science. Part A, Polymer chemistry》2004,42(10):2303-2312
Water‐soluble poly(ester‐carbonate) having pendent amino and carboxylic groups on the main‐chain carbon is reported for the first time. This article describes the melt ring‐opening/condensation reaction of trans‐4‐hydroxy‐N‐benzyloxycarbonyl‐L ‐proline (N‐CBz‐Hpr) with 5‐methyl‐5‐benzyloxycarbonyl‐1,3‐dioxan‐2‐one (MBC) at a wide range of molar fractions. The influence of reaction conditions such as catalyst concentration, polymerization time, and temperature on the number average molecular weight (Mn) and molecular weight distribution (Mw/Mn) of the copolymers was investigated. The polymerizations were carried out in bulk at 110 °C with 3 wt % stannous octoate as a catalyst for 16 h. The poly(ester‐carbonate)s obtained were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, 1H NMR, differential scanning calorimetry, and gel permeation chromatography. The copolymers synthesized exhibited moderate molecular weights (Mn = 6000–14,700 g mol?1) with reasonable molecular weight distributions (Mw/Mn = 1.11–2.23). The values of the glass‐transition temperature (Tg) of the copolymers depended on the molar fractions of cyclic carbonate. When the MBC content decreased from 76 to 12 mol %, the Tg increased from 16 to 48 °C. The relationship between the poly(N‐CBz‐Hpr‐co‐MBC) Tg and the compositions was in approximation with the Fox equation. In vitro degradation of these poly(N‐CBz‐Hpr‐co‐MBC)s was evaluated from weight‐loss measurements and the change of Mn and Mw/Mn. Debenzylation of 3 by catalytic hydrogenation led to the corresponding linear poly(ester‐carbonate), 4 , with pendent amino and carboxylic groups. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 42: 2303–2312, 2004 相似文献
98.
EXAFS study of liposome-encapsulated cisplatin 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
《Colloids and surfaces. B, Biointerfaces》2004,33(3-4):199-204
The anticancer agent cisplatin encapsulated in sterically stabilized liposomes is studied with extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) method. Analysis of local atomic structure around Pt atoms clearly indicates that the liposome-encapsulated drug is chemically stable and does not hydrolyze. Cisplatin forms a supersaturated solution in the liposome interior at a concentration about eight-fold above its aqueous solubility. 相似文献
99.
Yaron Paz Ellina Kesselman Lulu Fahoum Irina Portnaya Ory Ramon 《Journal of Polymer Science.Polymer Physics》2004,42(1):33-46
The effect of two strong salting-out salts (Na2SO4 and K2SO4) on the temperature-induced phase-separation process in aqueous solutions of poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPA) was examined by attenuated total reflectance/Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, and viscosity measurements. On the basis of these measurements, a detailed scenario of the phase-separation process was deduced. The phase-separation scenario of solutions containing PNIPA and water was altered in the presence of sulfate ions. Here, the sulfate ions induced partial intrachain collapse, manifested by a relatively compact structure well below the lower critical solution temperature. This led to a more gradual, smooth phase transition, with temperature-resolved intrachain collapse and interchain aggregation and a lesser extent of hysteresis. Although at the macrolevel one may not be able to differentiate among various scenarios altering the solvent into a poor solvent, the aforementioned microlevel measurements provided a way to expose the difference between raising the temperature and adding cosolutes. Follow-up studies on the effect of salting-in salts will be presented. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys 42: 33–46, 2004 相似文献
100.
Behavior of cellulose in NaOH/Urea aqueous solution characterized by light scattering and viscometry
Cellulose was dissolved in 6 wt % NaOH/4 wt % urea aqueous solution, which was proven by a 13C NMR spectrum to be a direct solvent of cellulose rather than a derivative aqueous solution system. Dilute solution behavior of cellulose in a NaOH/urea aqueous solution system was examined by laser light scattering and viscometry. The Mark–Houwink equation for cellulose in 6 wt % NaOH/4 wt % urea aqueous solution at 25 °C was [η] = 2.45 × 10?2 weight‐average molecular weight (Mw)0.815 (mL g?1) in the Mw region from 3.2 × 104 to 12.9 × 104. The persistence length (q), molar mass per unit contour length (ML), and characteristic ratio (C∞) of cellulose in the dilute solution were 6.0 nm, 350 nm?1, and 20.9, respectively, which agreed with the Yamakawa–Fujii theory of the wormlike chain. The results indicated that the cellulose molecules exist as semiflexible chains in the aqueous solution and were more extended than in cadoxen. This work provided a novel, simple, and nonpollution solvent system that can be used to investigate the dilute solution properties and molecular weight of cellulose. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys 42: 347–353, 2004 相似文献